This theory is garnering solid research support. In addition to these four approaches to leadership, there are also four levels of follower maturity:. As a general rule, each of the four leadership styles is appropriate for the corresponding employee maturity level:. Identifying the employee maturity level becomes a very important part of the process, and the leader must have the willingness and ability to use any of the four leadership styles as needed. The leader-member exchange theory considers leaders relationships with people, and proposed that, because of time constraints, leaders establish relationships with a small group of their followers.
The factors are environmental task structure, formal authority system, work group and subordinate locus of control, experience, perceived ability. Environmental factors dictate which of the leadership behaviors above will be most effective, and the subordinate factors dictate how those leadership behaviors are interpreted. Research supports this theory. Victor Vroom, the researcher who developed the expectancy framework by which we compared motivational approaches, also has things to say about leadership.
The revised model , the more widely accepted of the two, provides a set of rules to determine the form and amount of participative decision making in different situations. All of these contingency models, which have been discussed and contemplated for more than forty years, seem to suggest, above all things, that there is no one right way to lead.
Improve this page Learn More. Skip to main content. Module Leadership. Their structural contingency theory was the dominant paradigm of organizational structural theories for most of the s. A major empirical test was furnished by Johannes M Pennings who examined the interaction between environmental uncertainty, organization structure and various aspects of performance.
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Recent Blogs Community portal forum. Register Don't have an account? Contingency theory of organizational management. Edit source History Talk 0. Categories Management Organizational effectiveness Organizational theory Add category.
Cancel Save. Fan Feed 1 Types of gestures 2 Impregnation fetish 3 Human sex differences. Contingencies arise from various environmental factors. As such, managers must take into account these contingencies when making decisions that affect the organization.
Contingency theory builds upon accepted elements of System Theory. It recognized that an organization is an open system made up of interrelated sub-units. It adds, however, that the behavior of individual sub-units is contingent upon internal and external environmental contingencies.
These might include the relationship between two other sub-units or external systems.
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